Introduction

Varicose veins are a common vascular condition where veins, especially in the legs, become swollen, twisted, and visibly enlarged. Though anyone can develop varicose veins, women particularly after pregnancy are more vulnerable due to a combination of hormonal, genetic, and physical factors.

What Are Varicose Veins?

Varicose veins occur when the valves inside your veins weaken or become damaged, causing blood to pool instead of flowing back efficiently toward the heart. This leads to vein dilation, inflammation, and eventually visible bulging veins under the skin—usually in the legs or calves.

In Tamil, this condition is referred to as இரத்த குழாய்களில் வீக்கம் or கால் வீக்கம், highlighting the visible swelling and discomfort.

Why Are Women More Prone to Varicose Veins After Pregnancy?

Pregnancy significantly increases a woman’s risk of developing varicose veins for several reasons:

1. Hormonal Changes

During pregnancy, the body produces more progesterone, a hormone that relaxes the walls of blood vessels. While essential for fetal development, this also weakens vein walls and valves, allowing blood to accumulate.

2. Increased Blood Volume

A pregnant woman’s body produces more blood to support the baby. This increases pressure in the veins, especially those in the lower body.

3. Uterine Pressure

As the baby grows, the expanding uterus presses on the pelvic and leg veins, further restricting blood flow and leading to vein distension.

4. Genetic Factors

Women with a family history of varicose veins are more likely to develop them, especially after childbirth.

5. Lifestyle and Occupation

Professions that require prolonged standing like teachers, police officers, bus conductors, and nurses can worsen the condition. After pregnancy, when mothers resume activity without adequate rest or support, symptoms may intensify.

Common Symptoms of Varicose Veins

1. Leg swelling (கால் வீக்கம்)
2. Heaviness or fatigue in the legs (கால் உளைச்சல்)
3. Aching or burning sensation
4. Visible, bulging veins
5. Skin discoloration or dryness
6. Ulcers around the ankles in severe cases

If untreated, varicose veins can lead to complications such as chronic venous insufficiency or venous ulcers.

Modern Treatment Options

Thanks to medical advancements, varicose veins can now be treated quickly and effectively with minimally invasive procedures.

1. Laser Treatment (EVLT – Endovenous Laser Therapy)

1. One-day procedure
2. Involves inserting a thin laser fiber into the affected vein.
3. The laser heat seals the vein, causing it to collapse and eventually be absorbed by the body.
4. No major cuts or stitches required.
5. Patients can return home the same day and resume light activity within 24–48 hours.

2. Sclerotherapy

1. Involves injecting a special solution into small varicose or spider veins.
2. This causes them to shrink and fade over time.

3. Radiofrequency Ablation

Similar to laser therapy but uses radiofrequency energy to close off problematic veins.

4. Lifestyle Management

1. Wearing compression stockings
2. Elevating the legs
3. Avoiding long periods of standing
4. Gentle exercises like walking or swimming to improve circulation

Prevention Tips After Pregnancy

While varicose veins may not be entirely preventable, especially with a genetic predisposition, these measures can reduce risk:

1. Maintain a healthy weight during and after pregnancy
2. Do leg stretches and ankle movements daily
3. Avoid sitting or standing for long hours without breaks
4. Use a footrest while sitting
5. Wear maternity support stockings if recommended

Conclusion

Varicose veins are not just a cosmetic issue; they can cause discomfort and affect your quality of life, especially after pregnancy. Fortunately, treatments like laser therapy offer safe and quick solutions with minimal downtime.

If you’re experiencing symptoms, don’t ignore them. Early medical intervention can prevent complications and restore your comfort and confidence.At Iswarya Hospital, our vascular specialists provide advanced and compassionate care tailored to women’s health needs before, during, and after pregnancy.

FAQs

1. Are varicose veins dangerous after pregnancy?

While not always dangerous, untreated varicose veins can cause pain, swelling, and skin ulcers. It’s best to consult a doctor if symptoms persist.

2. Can varicose veins disappear after delivery?

In some cases, mild varicose veins improve postpartum. However, if they persist or worsen, medical treatment may be necessary.

3. Is laser treatment painful?

Laser treatment is minimally invasive and done under local anesthesia. Most patients experience mild discomfort but not significant pain.

4. Can I prevent varicose veins during pregnancy?

While you may not be able to prevent them entirely, staying active, avoiding long standing/sitting hours, and wearing compression stockings can reduce the risk.

5. How long is the recovery after laser surgery for varicose veins?

Patients usually return to normal routine in 1–2 days, but complete healing may take a couple of weeks depending on the severity.